A year after Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts in ending a long-standing conflict with Eritrea, the country has descended into severe internal turmoil. In August 2020, violent protests erupted across Ethiopia, particularly in the Oromia region, following the assassination of popular Oromo singer and activist Haacaaluu Hundeessaa. The unrest led to the deaths of at least 180 individuals, with many killed by security forces or in mob violence. Numerous properties, including homes, businesses, and government buildings, were destroyed, and thousands were arrested, including opposition leaders.
Abiy Ahmed’s tenure had initially been marked by significant reforms, including the release of political prisoners and the opening of the political space. However, these changes also exposed deep-seated ethnic tensions and grievances that had been suppressed under previous regimes. The government’s response to the protests has been criticized for exacerbating the situation, leading to further instability.
The violence has raised concerns about Ethiopia’s future, with analysts warning that the country is at risk of descending into civil conflict. The international community, which had lauded Abiy’s earlier achievements, now faces the challenge of responding to the escalating crisis and supporting efforts to restore peace and stability in the region.
